Working principle of pressure sensor
2025-03-01
Pressure sensor is actually receiving more and more attention due to its simple structure, excellent linearity and stability, and high output accuracy. The sensitive element used by the pressure sensor is an elastic test element, and the main body is an elastomer, among which the structural shape and related dimensions of the elastomer have a great influence on the performance of the force sensor.
The design of the pressure sensor elastomer is basically within the scope of mechanical structure design, but due to the need for force measurement performance, its structure is different from ordinary mechanical parts. Generally speaking, ordinary mechanical parts must achieve strength and rigidity with a sufficiently large safety factor, and there are no strict requirements for the stress distribution of parts under force conditions.
However, in the case of elastomers, in addition to meeting the requirements of mechanical strength and rigidity, the stress (strain) and load (force) in the area where the electric strain gauge is installed on the elastomer, also known as the elastic body, (measurement) maintain strict communication, and at the same time, the patch part egg must reach a higher force level to improve the sensitivity of the force sensor.
In short, during the selection process, the elastic body of the pressure sensor must meet two requirements
(1) The stress (strain) of the patch part must maintain a completely corresponding relationship with the measured force, which can truly reflect the deformation of the measured component.
(2) The pressure sensor must increase the stress (strain) level of the patch part. It reflects the function of the component in a timely manner.
In order to meet the above two requirements, the principle of "stress concentration" is often used when selecting the elastic part of the pressure sensor. The stress (strain) level of the patch part is relatively high, and its relationship corresponds exactly to the measured force. In order to improve the sensitivity and design accuracy of the sensor
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